Chapter 5: The Frog and the Ox

Read the passage. Then answer questions about the passage below.

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The Frogs and the Well   Two Frogs lived together in a marsh. But one hot summer the marsh dried up, and they left it to look for another place to live in: for frogs like damp places if they can get them.    By and by they came to a deep well, and one of them looked down into it, and said to the other, "This looks a nice cool place. Let us jump in and settle here."      But the other, who had a wiser head on his shoulders, replied, "Not so fast, my friend. Supposing this well dried up like the marsh, how should we get out again?"     Questions   1) Why did the two Frogs have to leave the marsh?     A. they found another marsh     B. the marsh dried up     C. food was scarce     D. too many predators   2) What was the Frog about to do at the well?    A. make a wish     B. jump to the bottom    C. get some water     D. wait for the other Frog   3) Why do you think the other Frog said it was a bad idea to jump down inside the well?    A. maybe there were snakes    B. maybe there were alligators    C. maybe there was no water    D. maybe the well was dark

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The Frogs Asking for King   The Frogs, grieved at having no established Ruler, sent ambassadors to Jupiter entreating for a King. Perceiving their simplicity, he cast down a huge log into the lake.   The Frogs were terrified at the splash occasioned by its fall and hid themselves in the depths of the pool.      But as soon as they realized that the huge log was motionless, they swam again to the top of the water, dismissed their fears, climbed up, and began squatting on it in contempt.      After some time they began to think themselves ill-treated in the appointment of so inert a Ruler, and sent a second deputation to Jupiter to pray that he would set over them another sovereign.      He then gave them an Eel to govern them. When the Frogs discovered his easy good nature, they sent yet a third time to Jupiter to beg him to choose for them still another King.      Jupiter, displeased with all their complaints, sent a Heron, who preyed upon the Frogs day by day till there were none left to croak upon the lake.   Questions   1) What  were the Frogs asking for?    A. a king    B. more food    C. a new lake    D. spaceships   2) What did Jupiter give the Frogs as their first leader?    A. a Frog statue    B. a giant log    C. a Frog from Jupiter    D. a Huron   3) What did Jupiter send the second time?    A. an Alligator    B. an Eel    C. a Snake    D. another log   4) What was the third king sent to the Frogs?    A. a Huron    B. an Eel    C. a Snake    D. an Alligator   5) What happened when the Huron was king?    A. the Frogs were happy    B. the Snakes were gone    C. the Huron ate the Frogs    D. the Snakes ate the Frogs

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	Relating Questions Choose the correct answer by comparing the hint and the answers.   1) How often do you play golf?    A. On Tuesday.    B. For two hours.    C. Almost every day.    D. With John.   2) Where do you usually eat lunch?    A. Sandwich.    B. With Jane.    C. At 12:00.    D. In the cafeteria.   3) How long did you study last night?    A. With Bob.    B. In my room.    C. English.    D. For three hours.   4) What kind of novels do you like?    A. Yes, I do.    B. I like spy novels.   5) What kind of work do you do?    A. I work every day.    B. I'm a piano teacher.    C. I worked for two hours.   6) How many hours a day do you watch TV?    A. About two hours.    B. In my living room.    C. I watch the news.    D. On Tuesday.   7) What is your busiest day of the week?    A. In the morning.    B. Every day.    C. Tuesday.    D. Last week.
Page 4     8) My mother is a good cook.    A. I agree with you.    B. I agree you.    C. I agree to you.    D. I agree for you.   9) What does "TV" mean?    A. For one hour.    B. Yes    C. Television.    D. For one hour.    E. On Friday.   10) How do you spell "dog"?    A. No    B. D-O-G    C. Not    D. I don't    E. Cat.    F. I have one dog.   11) What did you do yesterday?    A. I am swimming.    B. I swim.    C. I will swim.    D. I swam.   12) What do you like to drink?    A. Coffee.    B. Saturday evening.    C. Two.    D. With my friends.   13) What did you eat last night?    A. At six.    B. Spaghetti.    C. With my family.    D. At home.   Page 5
	Literature: Cause and Effect The relationship in which something (the cause) make another thing (the effect) happen. Certain words help you find this relationship in a sentence, like because, consequently, therefore, because of, due to, since, and but.    Example: Preston wore his football uniform because the his other clothes were dirty. Connect the sentences that present a cause with the one that state an effect.    __ 1. On a hot day, Robert wore a jacket.    __ 2. Phil saved his allowance for two months.    __ 3. Sara woke up very early on a weekend.    __ 4. Richie always brushed his teeth after eating sweets.    __ 5. Alexia didn't put her clothes away.    __ 6. Jenice was nice to the boy.    __ 7. On a sunny day, she brought her umbrella. A. Consequently, she and the boy became friends. B. Therefore, she could not find anything to wear. C. Therefore, he became sweaty. D. Therefore, she was prepared for the weather. E. Therefore, she was upset losing the sleep. F. Consequently, his teeth will stay nice longer. G. Therefore, he had enough money to buy a football. Finish the sentences with a cause.    1. Jonathon was upset because _________________________________________________________________    _________________________________________________________________________________________    2. When counting her class, Mrs. Stover was incorrect due to ___________________________________________    _________________________________________________________________________________________ Different kinds of cause-and-effect relationships take place. Sometimes the relationship is clearly written in the text.    Example: Preston had to wear his football uniform because his clothes were dirty.   Other times the cause-and-effect relationships are not shown at all and you have to "read between the lines", or carefully look at the context to figure out the relationship.    Example: Preston had to wear his football uniform. He was upset and his mother asked him to put his dirty clothes in                       the washing machine.   Place a c if the cause-and-effect relationship is clearly stated in the sentence or a nc if it is not.    __ 1. Mr. Cane didn't like Josh's singing since he sang too loud.    __ 2. Because Billy's mother loves him, she took him to the dentist.    __ 3. Bobby's mother screamed at him. He was fighting and dirty.    __ 4. Sam's father asked him not to play with the copy machine, but he forgot.    __ 5. John was playing with the telephone, therefore his father got angry.    __ 6. Cammy couldn't buy the shoes she wanted because they were sold out.    __ 7. At school Mr. Sanders liked Pablo's picture of the sailboat better than Laura's picture of the invisible pony.    __ 8. Joshua went to sleep with candy in his mouth and now he has a tooth ache.
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	Vocabulary: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning The way we understand and perceive the story when we read it is called inductive reasoning. The end of a story or end of an event is known as a conclusion or final decision.    Example: John is going to jump off of the roof of his house.                      (We can conclude or make a conclusion that john may get hurt) Finish these sentences with your own conclusion using inductive reason.    1. Today Rick is going to the beach. He is thinking of what to bring.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    2. The cat ran across the street and disappeared under a car.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    3. Suddenly, a loud noise came from the cave. Everyone became curious and began looking inside.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________ Drawing a conclusion based on facts or an event in the story is called deductive reasoning.    Example: The man likes collared shirts and khakis. His shoes are black and shiny.                     (We can conclude this man is well dressed.) Finish these sentences with your own conclusion using deductive reason.    1. When Linda turned right at the traffic light used her left turn signal.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    2. John left for work and the house keys are inside the house.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    3. My grandfather is raking the leaves while grandmother rides the lawn mower.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________
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	Grammar: Pronouns Words that replace the noun or nouns in a sentence are called pronouns.    Example: Rob is going to Rosa's job. He is going to her job. Circle the pronouns in the following sentences.    1. Cats are funny. They enjoy running around a lot.    2. My uncle loves chicken. It is his favorite kind of meat.    3. Cliff's car is brand new. It is very expensive.    4. My mother works hard. My father loves her very much.    5. His house is very large.   Write the sentences using pronouns where the nouns are.    1. They are my classmates.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    2. It has four paws, a short wagging tail, and a very playful spirit.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    3. She is a teacher.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    4. I am a lawyer.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    5. He is ready to begin the announcement.    __________________________________________________________________________________________
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	Subject Pronouns Subject pronouns replace the subject of a sentence.    Example: Claire made ice cream. She made ice cream. Subject pronouns may be singular plural. - Singular: I, you, he, she, it - Plural: we, you, they   Write the subject pronoun that completes the sentence.    ______ 1. (Her, She) forgot to put dessert in my lunch.    ______ 2. (They, Them) liked to sing in a class a lot.    ______ 3. Next week, (I, me) am going to Australia.    ______ 4. At singing time, (her, she) said Billy sang too loud.    ______ 5. (Him, He) went to sleep with gum in his mouth.   Circle the subject in following sentences. Write the sentences using subject pronouns.    1. Billy went to the supermarket and bought a lot of cheese.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    2. My dad said I couldn't play with the copying machine.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    3. Josh made me fall where it was muddy.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    4. The elevator door closed on my foot.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    5. Robert is going to the mall today.    __________________________________________________________________________________________   Object Pronouns Pronouns that replace the noun or nouns in the predicate of a sentence.    Examples: Bonnie doesn't like Josh. Bonnie doesn't like him. Object pronouns may be singular or plural. - Singular: me, you, him, her, it - Plural: us, you, them   Connect the nouns with the appropriate object pronouns.    __ 1. My friends and me    __ 2. Bobby    __ 3. The dog    __ 4. Bill and Alice    __ 5. Sara A. it B. her C. them D. him E. us
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	Writing: A Cluster of Ideas What do you see in this drawing? How can you define family from this drawing? A map or web of ideas is a cluster of ideas. It is a writing strategy that helps you to organize your thoughts about a topic or subject. This strategy is similar to brainstorming with the difference that it provides you with a visual representation of what you know and think about the topic. When drawing a cluster of ideas, you should: - Choose a topic - Write the topic in the middle of a blank page. - Jot down ideas that come to your mind about that topic. - Identify ideas that are connected to one another and link them together using lines and circles.    Example: The diagram above is a cluster of ideas about the topic of family. Finish this cluster of ideas about school.   Creating a Cluster of Ideas on Responsibility Drafting Finish the cluster of ideas with what you know about the topic of responsibility. Then, write a good sentence using one of your ideas.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________ Editing Revise your sentence by eliminating unnecessary words or replacing them with synonyms that give it more meaning. Copy the edited version below.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________ Proofreading Look for spelling or punctuation errors in your sentence. Correct them and copy the final version here.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________
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