Chapter 6: A Job for Maria

Read the passage. Then answer questions about the passage below.

  Proyecto Salón Hogar

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2) When Maria sighs half way through the story, she is feeling –    A. pleased    B. bored    C. disappointed    D. certain   3) Ms. Branson is described as –    A. mean    B. uneasy    C. ashamed    D. curious   4) Why does Maria’s mom offer to go with her to Ms. Branson’s house?    A. She thinks Maria is afraid of dogs.    B. She feels Maria is uncomfortable.    C. She worries Maria is too young.    D. She knows Maria will get lost.   5) What does Maria discover about Ms. Branson?    A. She is wise and peaceful.    B. She is kind and thoughtful.    C. She is wise and peaceful.    D. She is as mean as everyone says.   6) What does the word relieved mean?    A. corrected    B. rushed    C. comforted    D. rested   7) If the author included information about where Maria took the dogs for a walk, in which paragraph would it best fit?    A. 9    B. 10    C. 12    D. 11   8) After the story, what will Maria do next?    A. Buy the book in the window    B. Take Ms. Branson to the store    C. Help Marcus Jones mow lawns    D. Collect cans in the neighborhood

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Ladybug to the Rescue        A hundred years ago, harmful insects were killing fruit trees in California. The farmers tried to get rid of the pests, but nothing seemed to work. They were ready to give up when a scientist visiting Australia noticed that ladybugs ate damaging bugs.      The scientist sent the farmers a few hundred ladybugs. The ladybugs ate all the pests. The farmers' lime, orange, and peach trees were saved. Farmers still use ladybugs today to help guard their crops from being eaten by harmful insects.      A ladybug has a very big appetite. One ladybug can eat five thousand pests during its lifetime.   Life Begins    A ladybug begins as a tiny egg. A mother ladybug can lay about one thousand eggs under a leaf. When the eggs hatch, the larvae are thin and bumpy. They are black with red spots. A larva spends most of its time eating.      Before long, the growing larva finds a quiet spot. Its skin becomes dry and hard, protecting it like a cocoon, in the pupa stage. In the pupa, the larva changes from a thin, bumpy insect to a round one with wings and a bright-colored shell.      Many ladybugs are red, although some are orange, yellow, or pink. Most ladybugs have spots. Some can have stripes, while others may have no spots or stripes!   Survival Tricks    The ladybug's bright color also helps it survive. When birds see these bright red bugs, they stay away because they know ladybugs taste bad.      Ladybugs know another survival trick too. If a snake passes by, a ladybug will roll over onto its back. It pretends to be dead!      In the fall, ladybugs crawl under leaves to hibernate. Sometimes large groups of ladybugs gather together. They sleep through the winter. In the spring, the hungry ladybugs wake up. They fly away to hunt for harmful bugs. Ladybugs fly to our rescue again!   Questions   1) Another word for damaging as it is used in the beginning is –    A. surviving    B. harmful    C. hunting    D. difficult   2) When do ladybugs sleep a long time?    A. in winter    B. in summer    C. in fall    D. in spring

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	3) Which question is answered under the heading “Survival Tricks”?    A. Are ladybugs born with wings and spots?    B. Why will birds not eat ladybugs?    C. Do all ladybugs have red shells with black spots?    D. How many pests can a ladybug eat?   4) When the ladybug leaves the pupa, it will –    A. have wings and a shell    B. be thin and bumpy    C. go to lime trees    D. hide from snakes   5) The author most likely wrote this article to –    A. report why ladybugs eat so much    B. tell how ladybugs are born    C. describe the colors of ladybugs    D. explain how ladybugs help people             6) Which sentence is an opinion about ladybugs?    A. Some farmers use ladybugs to keep fruit trees safe.    B. Ladybugs eat insects that destroy crops.    C. Larvae are thin and bumpy.    D. Ladybugs have beautifully colored shells.   7) This article would most likely be found in a –    A. travel section of a newspaper    B. children’s science magazine    C. letter to parents    D. book of funny stories   8) If the author added information about the kinds of pests ladybugs eat, in which paragraph would it best fit?    A. 6    B. 7    C. 3    D. 2   9) Which resource would best be used to find the definition of “pupa”?    A. a thesaurus    B. an atlas    C. a magazine    D. a glossary
Page 4     Use hints to find the correct answers.   1) Where's Mike?    A. At school.    B. At eight.    C. For three hours.    D. No, he isn't.   2) Where do you do your homework?    A. With John.    B. In the evening.    C. About one hour.    D. Every day.    E. At home.   3) When did you go to that restaurant?    A. Spaghetti.    B. With Jane.    C. Last night.    D. About 30 minutes.   4) When was the last time you took a picture?    A. A picture of Jane.    B. Seven pictures.    C. About four days ago.    D. With my camera.   5) What were you doing last night at 7:00?    A. I sleep.    B. I slept.    C. I will be sleeping.    D. I was sleeping.   6) When will you mail that letter?    A. Last night.    B. To Jane.    C. After school.   7) What are you going to do after dinner?    A. I took a bath    B. I'll take a bath.    C. I take a bath.   8) How long have you been playing the trumpet?    A. About 50 cm.    B. For four years.    C. In my room.    D. By myself.     Page 5
	9) How many hours a day do you sleep?    A. I have slept 7 hours.    B. I am sleeping 7 hours.    C. I slept 7 hours.    D. I sleep 7 hours.   10) How often do you write letters?    A. Two pages.    B. Two times a week.    C. Two people.    D. Two hours.   11) Where can I buy beer?    A. When you are twenty years old.    B. About two bottles.    C. With Jane.    D. At a liquor store.   12) What's your favorite sport?    A. Swim.    B. Swimming.   13) When was the last time you went shopping?    A. Yesterday.    B. Tomorrow.    C. Near the Station   14) How often do you speak on the telephone?    A. At least once a day.    B. In the evening?    C. For about 30 minutes.   15) How many times have you gone camping?    A. Three people.    B. Three days.    C. Three times.   16) When's your birthday?    A. November two.    B. November twice.    C. November second.   17) Where are you from?    A. New York.    B. 1982.    C. At school.
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	18) How do you get to school?    A. With train.    B. In train.    C. By train.   Literature: The Story A narrative of real or fictitious events is called a story. Stories tell us about a problem that a person or a group of people solves. It has a beginning, middle, and end. A story should answer the following questions: Who? What? Where? When? Why? How?   Novel and Adaptations Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the original novel titled "Treasure Island." A novel, like a story, is also a narrative of real or fictitious events. However, a novel is longer and it provides much more information about the problems and people involved in the plot. Sometimes people write adaptations of novels. Adaptations are stories, movies, or other literary genres that provide a short, quick way of learning about the general ideas of novels. Nevertheless, reading an adaptation should not replace reading the actual text. When you have a chance, look for the novel "Treasure Island" and read it by yourself. You will enjoy it very much. Check the novels of which you have read or watched an adaptation.    __ 1. "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland," by Lewis Carroll    __ 2. "Peter Pan," by J. M. Barrie    __ 3. "A Christmas Carol," by Charles Dickens    __ 4. "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban," by J. K. Rowling    __ 5. "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz," by L. Frank Baum    __ 6. "The Chronicles of Narnia," by C. S. Lewis    __ 7. "The Little Prince," by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry    __ 8. "The Lord of the Rings," by J. R. Tolkien   Now write your own story and remember to use your brainstorming technique.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________
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	Vocabulary: Root Words Forming new words is easy by adding letters to the beginning or the end of word. The word before it is changed is called the root word.    Example: spell (root word) spelling (new word)   Choose and write the root words.    ___________________   1. careful, carefully, care, careless    ___________________   2. highland, land, island, inland    ___________________   3. replay, misplay, player, play    ___________________   4. reread, read, misread, reader    ___________________   5. harmed, unharmed, harm, harmfully    ___________________   6. authority, authorize, author, authoritarian    ___________________   7. places, place, misplace, replace    ___________________   8. rewrite, writer, miswrite, write    ___________________   9. national, international, nation, nationally    ___________________ 10. friendly, friend, unfriendly, friendship   Figure out the root words and write them on the line.    ___________________ 1. misadventure, adventurous, adventured    ___________________ 2. unimaginable, imaginary, imagined    ___________________ 3. unbelievable, believable, unbelieving    ___________________ 4. unashamed, shamefully, ashamed    ___________________ 5. children, childhood, childish   The Prefix A prefix is a group of letters in front of a root word. Adding a prefix changes the meaning of the word.    Example: The word spell means "to write letters of a word in order." If we add the prefix mis to the root word spell,                       the word misspell then means "to write a word incorrectly." If you change the prefix from mis to re, the word                       respell means "to spell something again or differently."   This chart below has the meanings that certain prefixes add to root words. mid: middle semi: half fore: before pre: before sub: under dis: not, opposite of in: not, into un: not, opposite of trans: across anti: against under: too little inter: between, among de: opposite of mis: wrongly super: above re: again Write p for prefix and rw for root words.    __ 1. underage    __ 2. semifinal    __ 3. unequal    __ 4. anticrime    __ 5. react    __ 6. forehead    __ 7. international    __ 8. disagree    __   9. reopen    __ 10. incorrect    __ 11. disrespect    __ 12. preschool    __ 13. submarine    __ 14. semicircle    __ 15. midnight    __ 16. misread
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	Grammar: Possessive Pronouns Pronouns that show ownership or possession are called possessive pronouns. Possessive pronouns used before a noun are my, our, your, his, her, its, and their.    Example: The map belongs to Richard. It is his map. Possessive pronouns used by themselves are mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, and theirs.    Example: The explorers want the treasure map, even though it isn't theirs.   Write the possessive pronouns.    ___________   1. The babies want their food.    ___________   2. This is my classroom.    ___________   3. The boy was looking for his keys.    ___________   4. Those are her parents.    ___________   5. The pets are ours.    ___________   6. The dog played with its tail.    ___________   7. We love reading our new books.    ___________   8. They love their teacher.    ___________   9. We said we are not going.    ___________ 10. He doesn't understand me.   Complete the sentences with the possessive pronouns that replace the underlined word.    1. The toys belong to my neighbors. They are _____________.    2. The sailboat belongs to Richard. It is _____________.    3. The dog belongs to Phil. It is _____________ dog.    4. The book bag belongs to me. The book bag is _____________.   Demonstrating Pronouns Pronouns that point out a specific person or thing are demonstrating pronouns. There are only two demonstrating pronouns that have singular and plural form. If you point out something that is nearby, you may use this if it is singular or these if it is plural. If you point out something that is far away, you may use that if it is singular or those if it is plural.    Examples: The enemy must not find the map that I carry with me.                       The enemy must not find this.                       The enemy must not find the treasures that I carry with me.                       The enemy must not find these.                       The enemy is looking for the map that I put over there.                       The enemy is looking for that.                       The enemy is looking for the jewels and coins scattered over there.                       The enemy is looking for those. Finish the sentences using demonstrative pronouns.    1. I want to read the book in the sixth bookshelf. I want to read ___________.    2. The notebooks are in my book bag. ___________ are my notebooks.    3. Take the coin that I have in my hands. Take ___________.    4. Look at the ship in the bay. Look at ____________!    5. Take the keys in my purse. Take ____________.
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	Prepositions A word that connects and shows the relationship between nouns or pronouns to other parts of the sentence is called a preposition. Prepositions may express sequence in time, position in space, and other kinds of relationships.    Examples: The map is hidden on an island. (position in space)                        Ralph met the judge at four o' clock. (sequence in time) Common prepositions across beneath far next to since after besides for of through around between from off to at by in on under behind down into onto until below during near with up over     Writing: The Outline and Roman Numerals A useful tool to organize your ideas when writing about a topic is an outline. Unlike listing, taking notes, brainstorming, and idea clustering, an outline allows you to organize your thoughts about a topic almost in the same order in which you will write them. To make an outline, first write the topic. Then use roman numerals and upper- and lower-case letters to mark the order of the ideas.   Now, make your own outline using this template and create your own topic. Topic: ___________________________ I. ________________________________________________________________    A. ______________________________________________________________       1. _____________________________________________________________       2. _____________________________________________________________    B. ______________________________________________________________       1. _____________________________________________________________       2. _____________________________________________________________ II. ________________________________________________________________    A. ______________________________________________________________       1. _____________________________________________________________       2. _____________________________________________________________    B. ______________________________________________________________       1. _____________________________________________________________       2. _____________________________________________________________
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