Chapter 11: Love Train

Read the passage. Then answer questions about the passage below.

  Proyecto Salón Hogar

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Questions 1) As used in this passage, which is the best antonym for adumbrated?    A. detailed    B. lengthened    C. invented    D. simplified    E. understated    2) As used in the passage, what is the meaning of grandiloquence?    A. technical jargon    B. archaic speech    C. pithy expression    D. pompous language    E. foreign word or phrase 3) What is ironic about the title of this passage?    A. Rosa's mother does not like clichés.    B. The passage has nothing to do with a song.    C. It is where Rosa's mother meets her husband-to-be.    D. The train only went a short distance but their love was forever.    E. Rosa's mother could not have possibly loved her father after such a short train ride.   4) Why might the author have chosen Rosa as the narrator even though it is her mother who is telling the main story?    A. to make the story harder to follow    B. to make the story seem more straightforward    C. to make it clear that Rosa’s mother has passed away    D. to make it clear that the story happened a long time ago    E. so that the reader could learn the story from Rosa's perspective   5) As used in the passage, what is the meaning of garrulous?    A. conceited    B. loquacious    C. narrow-minded    D. obsequious    E. patronizing   6) Which best situation describes someone who has been impertinent?    A. A man crashes into the car in front of him.    B. A student gestures rudely to his teacher.    C. A child rushes out the door, forgetting to say good-bye to his mom.    D. A woman refuses to let her son play video games before school.    E. A dog chases all the cats in the neighborhood.

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7) Which is the best antonym for digress?    A. stop    B. stray      C. shorten    D. remember    E. stay on course   8) What may Rosa be meaning to convey to her child by telling this story?    A. advice on what to look for in a partner    B. a regret that she met her husband on a train    C. the suggestion that Rosa might find her husband on a train    D. a yearning to go back to that time and place    E. the idea that education should come before marriage   9) Judging from the passage, what does Rosa's mother find most important in a husband?      Check three that are correct.    __ A. humor    __ B. politeness    __ C. originality    __ D. respectfulness    __ E. heroism   10) What is implied in the following paragraph?    "Well, if I had been shy, I might have just looked out the train window. Where would I be now? You wouldn’t even be here! But I let my eyes lock with his as he wobbled down the moving train."    A. that Rosa really wanted to just look out the window    B. that it is best to be outspoken in all circumstances    C. that as soon as they locked eyes they fell in love    D. that a slight change in circumstances could have greatly altered her life    E. that the story took place before technology allowed trains to offered smooth ride     11) As used in this passage, what is the meaning of ephemeral?    A. fleeting    B. permanent    C. ridiculous    D. serious    E. young   12) Which is the best antonym for hackneyed?    A. happy    B. humorous    C. original    D. over-used    E. turbulent Grammar: Verbs What is a verb?

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	The verb is perhaps the most important part of a sentence. The verb tells you something about the subject. It can express an action, an event, or a state of being. The verb is also the critical element of the predicate. Verbs are sometimes described as action words. Many verbs communicate the idea of performing an action or of doing something.    Examples: run, fight, work   Some verbs, however, do not express an action. They communicate the idea of existence or state of being.    Examples: be, exist, seem, belong   A verb always has a subject. In simple terms, we can say that verbs are words that tell us what a subject is or does; they describe action or state of being.     A. Write the verb in each group of words.    1. beautiful, tree, march               _______________________    2. yellow, call, September           _______________________    3. sing, teacher, uniforms            _______________________    4. school books, play, cauldron  _______________________   B. Write the verb in each sentence.    1. The children repeated the words after the teacher.    _____________________________________      2. Judith's mother walked her to class on the first day of school.    _____________________________________      3. Most people use their cars to go to work each morning.    _____________________________________ Verbs are classified into two groups, regular verbs and irregular verbs, based on their past tense and past participle. Most verbs are regular verbs. Regular verbs are verbs whose past tense and past participle are formed by simply adding -d or -ed.   There are over 250 irregular verbs in the English language. Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow specific rules to form their past tense and past participle. You must memorize the most common irregular verbs. The following chart shows the most common irregular verbs. Notice that in some cases the verb changes completely, while in other cases the verb changes partially. In still other cases the verb does not change at all.
Page 4         Present Past Participle ----- Present Past Participle be was, were been   go went gone become became become   have had had begin began begun   leave left left break broke broken   lose lost lost bring brought brought   make made made buy bought bought   meet met met catch caught caught   pay paid paid choose chose chosen   run ran run come came come   say said said cut cut cut   see saw seen do did done   sing sang sung drink drank drunk   sit sat sat eat ate eaten   speak spoke spoken feel felt felt   swim swam swum fight fought fought   tell told told forgive forgave forgiven   think thought thought freeze froze frozen   win won won give gave given   write wrote written     Write the irregular verbs in these sentences.    __________ 1. Gladiators fought with lions.    __________ 2. We played and swam in the pool.    __________ 3. I stayed home and gave food to my pets.    __________ 4. The wind blew my papers away.    __________ 5. He ran and stumbled downhill.    __________ 6. She cooked and ate her dinner.       Page 5
	Cells Directions: Read the passage. Then answer questions about the passage below.     Your body is made of trillions of tiny living things. They are called cells. There are 210 different kinds of cells in your body. Each kind of cell has a different shape. Each kind of cell is a different size. Each kind of cell has a different job.    The same types of cells usually work together in groups. The groups are called tissues. More cells can be made when the cells split. They form more cells that are just like the parents.    Some of your cells are nerve cells. They are also called neurons. They carry signals through your body. The signals are messages that tell your body to move. Your brain has about 100 billion neurons!    The connections between neurons are called synapses. Each neuron has between 1,000 and 10,000 synapses. There are about one quadrillion synapses in your brain. That's 1,000,000,000,000,000 synapses in your brain!    There are about 1 billion neurons in your spinal cord, the bundle of nerves that goes from your brain all the way down your back. Some of your cells are red blood cells. They carry oxygen (O) through your body. They pick up carbon dioxide (CO2) and help your body get rid of it.    Your body wants to eliminate CO2 because it is a waste product. Blood also helps your body stay warm. Conversely, blood cools off your brain, because it gets very hot. Some of your cells are white blood cells. The white blood cells help your body fight sickness.    Some of the white blood cells, called T–cells, fight viruses and other cells that do not belong in your body. T–cells work with B–cells to fight off the disease cells. They tell your brain to give you a fever so the disease cells will not be able to grow. Many diseases cannot grow when your body is hot. And some white cells eat disease cells! Go white blood cells!    Some of your cells are bone cells. They are also called osteocytes. Osteocytes make bone. The bone grows to form all around them. The osteocytes get food through tiny strings that go to nearby blood vessels. Blood vessels are the tubes that carry blood in your body. Some of your cells are skin cells. They are also called epithelial cells. They grow your skin.    Your skin keeps dirt off your tissues. Your skin forms the outside of some organs, like your stomach and lungs. An adult has about 9 pounds of skin on his or her body. Some of your cells are liver cells. They are also called hepatocytes. These cells check your blood. They make sure your blood has the right amount of sugars in it.    They also help clean poisons from your body. They help make substances that help your blood to clot, or stick together. They clean alcohol from your body if you drink alcohol or take medicine with alcohol in it. Some of your cells are fat cells.    Their job is to store fat. The fat is a place where your body keeps or stores energy. The fat pads the organs in your body. The layers of fat also help keep your body warm.    Your body weight depends on how fast your body stores fat compared to how fast your body uses up energy. Some of your cells are muscle cells. Your muscles are made of these cells.    They are also called myocytes. Your neurons send the messages to move muscles that are connected to your bones and your skeletal muscles.    However, your nerve cells do not tell your heart muscles when to beat. Your heart muscles and smooth muscles have inner signals that tell them to move.    Smooth muscles are muscles that you do not have to think about, like the muscles that work in the digestion of food. Your cells are busy all the time. Even while you are sleeping, your cells are working hard to keep your body alive and healthy.
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	Questions   1) What is true about cells?    A. Each type has a different shape.    B. Each type has a different job.    C. Each type is a different size.    D. All of the above are correct.    E. Both A and C are correct.   2) Neurons are important because they…    A. carry messages in your body.    B. tell your body when to move.    C. carry oxygen through your body.    D. help your body fight sickness.    E. Both A and B are correct.    F. Both A and C are correct.   3) What kind of cells keep dirt off your body’s organs?    A. Neurons    B. Skin cells    C. Epithelial cells    D. Red blood cells    E. Both B and C are correct.   4) What do liver cells do?    A. They clear poisons out of your body.    B. They pad the organs in your body.    C. They tell your heart when to beat.    D. They fight viruses in your body.    E. They keep your body warm.   5) What is an example of smooth muscle?    A. The muscles connected to your bones    B. The muscles that digest food    C. Your arm muscles    D. Both A and B    E. None of the above
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	Vocabulary 1) Signals are…    A. signs.    B. neurons.    C. messages.    D. Both A and C are correct.    E. All of the above.   2) If you get rid of something, you…    A. eliminate it.    B. destroy it.    C. burn it.    D. crush it.    E. All of the above.   3) If you have a fever, your body is…    A. hot.    B. cool.    C. quiet.    D. in pain.    E. Both B and C are correct.   4) What is a bodily organ?    A. Tissues that do a certain job    B. A body part that has a task    C. Any group of cells    D. Both A and B are correct.    E. None of the above.   5) What is the best synonym for store?    A. Use    B. Keep    C. Burn    D. Move    E. Check
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	Sentence Analogies Directions: Choose the sentence that makes sense.   For each question, the analogy type is written beside the question number.    Example: Degree                      A. Something that is huge is very big.                      B. Something that is good is very bad.                      C. Something that is new is very sweet. B and C don’t make sense! But hey! A makes sense!   1) function    A. A house is used to move.    B. A car is used to talk.    C. A fork is used to eat.   2) characteristic    A. A characteristic of a boy is to be old.    B. A characteristic of the sun is to be hot.    C. A characteristic of an apple is to be blue.   3) part to whole    A. A ball is part of a picture.    B. A wheel is part of a hat.    C. A finger is part of a hand.   4) definite    A. By definition, a baby sheep is a lamb.    B. By definition, an baby duck is a man.    C. By definition, an baby cow is a chicken.   5) type/kind    A. A rose is a type of flower.    B. A dog is a type of insect.    C. A truck is a type of airplane.
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	6) luck    A. Something that is ugly lacks beauty.    B. Something that is old lacks emotion.    C. Something that is good lacks family.   7) other    A. Birds live in a nest.    B. Cows live in the city.    C. Bears live in a hotel.   8) function    A. A table is used to sleep.    B. A knife is used to see.    C. A shovel is used to dig.   9) part to whole    A. A car is part of a kitchen.    B. A wheel is part of a car.    C. A dog is part of a leg.   10) degree    A. Something that is easy is very fast.    B. Something that is right is very wrong.    C. Something that is great is very good.
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